Which of the following is a vital sign to monitor during airway management?

Monitoring vital signs is crucial during airway management, as they provide essential information about a patient's physiological status. Each of the options—hemoglobin level, blood pressure, and heart rate—plays a significant role in evaluating the effectiveness of airway management and detecting any potential complications.

Hemoglobin level is vital, especially in cases where there is risk for hypoxemia, as it indicates the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. A low hemoglobin level can impair oxygen delivery to tissues, which is critical to monitor during airway interventions.

Blood pressure reflects the overall perfusion status and can reveal cardiovascular responses to stress and changes in oxygenation and ventilation. An abnormal blood pressure reading during airway management can indicate complications such as shock or severe stress reactions.

Heart rate provides information about the body's response to various factors, including hypoxia, anxiety, or the body's overall physiological status. A change in heart rate can suggest underlying issues that may need immediate attention.

Since all of these parameters provide crucial insights into a patient's status during airway management, monitoring them collectively ensures a comprehensive assessment, making "all of the above" the best answer.