What does increased ADH secretion during mechanical ventilation lead to?

Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) during mechanical ventilation is primarily associated with fluid retention and decreased urine output. When a patient undergoes mechanical ventilation, various physiological stressors come into play, including changes in intrathoracic pressure, alterations in blood flow, and potential baroreceptor stimulation. These factors can trigger the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary.

ADH plays a critical role in regulating the body's fluid balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys. As its secretion increases, the kidneys retain more water, resulting in fluid retention within the body. This mechanism is particularly important during periods of stress or when the body perceives a need to maintain blood volume and pressure, which is crucial during mechanical ventilation.

Additionally, as ADH promotes water reabsorption, urine output typically decreases as the kidneys conserve water to counterbalance any perceived deficits created by the ventilatory support. Therefore, when discussing the effects of increased ADH secretion in this context, it’s accurate to conclude that both fluid retention and decreased urine output occur simultaneously due to the hormone’s actions. Hence, the correct answer encompasses both fluid retention and reduced urine output.